9

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems Working with other
Organ System

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Science – Grade 9
Self-Instructional Module
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working with other
Organ System
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

DHSBNHS
SDO – La Carlota City
Schools Division Superintendent: Neri Anne M. Alibuyog, EdD, CESO V
Assistant School Division Superintendent: Nelly E. Garote

Development Team of the Module

Author: Janice Joy V. Acosta, TIII

Editor: Adaiah A. Opeña, MTII

Reviewer: Ma. Concepcion G. Pagcaliwagan, EPS I - Science

Management Team: Neri Anne M. Alibuyog, EdD, CESO V, SDS

Nelly E. Garrote, ASDS
Melgar B. Coronel l, CID Chief
Ma. Concepcion G. Pagcaliwagan, EPS I – Science
Ana Lee C. Bartlolo, EPS I – LRMDS
Leopoldo F. Sichon, PhD., Principal IV
Rochelle T. Pastias, Head V – Science

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SDO – La Carlota City

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Office Address: Locsin-Ledesma Street, La Carlota City, Negros Occidental

6130 Philippines
Telefax: (034) 735 - 1931
E-mail Address: deped.lacarlota@deped.gov.ph
 9

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems Working with other
Organ System

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 9 Module 1 Self-Instructional Module (SIM) on Respiratory

and Circulatory System, Working with other Organ System.
This Self-Instructional Module (SIM) in Science includes learner-friendly pre-test,
self-check exercises, post-test, and other learning instructions intended to help
learners catch up on missed classes. This covers topics in Grade Six in the 3 rd
quarter with corresponding learning activities for students to achieve their missed
learning competencies and lesson objectives. Moreover, each exercise in this
module is designed for independent learning and practice however, ensure that the
learners’ parents, elder siblings, guardians or relatives at home will guide and
support them as they accomplish its given tasks.
Furthermore, explain to students that taking the tests diligently will allow them to
cope with missed lessons for their learning progress. Most importantly, remind them
to answer the given activities on a separate answer sheet and handle this module
with utmost care.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 9 Module 1 Self-Instructional Module (SIM) on Respiratory

and Circulatory System, Working with other Organ System.
This learner-friendly module is specially designed for your learning needs and
progress. Your patience and dedication in reading and answering its learning
exercises will help you successfully cope with your missed lessons. You are free to
ask assistance from your teachers, parents, siblings, friends, and family members
whom you think can help you best. Read each lesson carefully and follow the
instructions for your activities after reading.
The following are the parts of this module that will help you finish your tasks. Read
the following descriptions below to better understand each part.

What I Need to Know

This part will be your guide to learn in the specific lessons specifically
your skills and competencies.

What I Know

This contains a 10-item pre-test that will check what you already
know.

What’s In

In this section, you will be given review questions or exercises that

connects your previous lesson to the new one.

2
 What’s New

It is in this part that the new lesson will be introduced to you in

different ways: a story, a poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a
situation.

What is It

This portion will give you the topic, information and concepts as a brief
discussion for you to learn. You will be also be given specific
instructions on how to go about the lesson.

What’s More

This provides you questions and exercises to help you deepen your
understanding and find practical applications of the concept.

What I Have Learned

This includes a short fill-in the blanks summary of the topic. It is in this
part that helps you generalize your understanding of the concepts.

What I Can Do

This section includes an activity or exercises that will help you apply
your knowledge into real-life situations.

Assessment

This is composed of a 10-item exercises for you develop your mastery

of the topic to and to assess if you have attained the learning
competency.

Additional Activities

This part will be the last activity for you to enhance your skill of the
lesson learned. It will give you step by step instructions to follow.

Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

3
References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

4
 This module is designed to help you learn how the different structures of the
circulatory and respiratory systems work together to transport oxygen-rich blood and
nutrients to the different parts of the body. You will also understand the prevention,
detection, and treatment of diseases affecting the respiratory and circulatory
systems.

The module is divided into 3 lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1: The Respiratory System

 Lesson 2: The Circulatory System
 Lesson 3: Preventing Diseases and Healthy Lifestyle

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the mechanism on how the respiratory and circulatory systems work
together to transport nutrients, gases, and molecules to and from the different
parts of the body; (S9LT-1a-b-26)
2. Infer how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of respiratory and
circulatory systems. (S9LT-1c-27)

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.

1. Which system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the air and the cells?
A. Circulatory B. Excretory C. Digestive D. Respiratory

5
2. Arrange the following structures in correct order in which air passes through
breathing.
1. Alveoli 2. Bronchus 3. Larynx 4. Trachea
A. 3,4,2,1, B. 1,2,3,4 C. 4,3,2,1 D. 2,1,3,4

3. During inspiration or inhaling, the diaphragm contracts so that

A. More air enters in the chest cavity.
B. More nutrients will be processed by the body.
C. Less air enters in the chest cavity.
D. Space inside the lungs lessened for gas exchange.

4. What is the function of blood vessels and capillaries?

A. They pump the blood to the heart
B. They carry blood to all parts of the body
C. They filter impurities from the blood
D. They carry messages from the brain to the muscles

5. In which order does the blood pass from the body through the heart chambers?
A. left atrium → left ventricle → right atrium → right ventricle
B. left atrium → right atrium → left ventricle → right ventricle
C. right atrium → right ventricle → left atrium → left ventricle
D. right ventricle → right atrium → left ventricle → left atrium

6. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the different parts of the
body?
A. right ventricle B. left ventricle C. right atrium D. left atrium

7. What disease is characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the artery wall?
A. hypertension B. atherosclerosis C. leukemia D. heart failure

8. Tobacco smoke contains how many carcinogens?

A. 60 B. more than 60 C. less than 60 D. none

9. What can you do to help lower your chances of getting heart disease?
A. Stop smoking
B. Check your blood pressure regularly
C. Lose weight if you are overweight or obese
D. All of the above

10. A healthy lifestyle can be described as:

A. Avoiding meat, eating a balanced diet, exercising everyday
B. Eating anything you like and exercising 3 time a week
C. Eating a balanced diet with fruit and vegetables, exercising regularly.
D. None of thesE

Lesson

1 The Respiratory System

.
Most people would define respiration synonymously with breathing, the
process by which air is taken in and out of the body. Respiration is a far more
complex process. Respiration is a gas exchange process by which oxygen is

6
obtained from the environment and delivered to the cells, and carbon dioxide
gas is transported and removed from the body.

The process of gas exchange in respiration makes it possible for

organisms to make use of the nutrients in food with the release of energy.
Without a continuously supply of oxygen, organisms cannot obtain enough
energy from their food to survive. The release of energy also generates
wastes, specifically carbon dioxide gas.

What’s In

Put a check (✔) if the picture is an organ of the respiratory system and ( x) if
the picture is not an organ of the respiratory system in the box provided.

1. heart 4. stomach

2. lungs 5. nose

3. trachea

What’s New

Do you know that you can survive for several days without water and
survive for a month without food, but you cannot survive for more than five
minutes without oxygen?

7
 Oxygen is the part of the air that we breathe. Air is a mixture of
different gases. The air you breathe is made up of

Oxygen … 21.0%
Nitrogen … 78.1%
Carbon Dioxide … 0.03%
Other gases … 0.87%

Life depends on breathing because the cells of the body need oxygen.
You breathe in to bring fresh air into the lungs. The lungs must separate the
oxygen from the air. Then you breathe out to get rid of the carbon dioxide that
the body does not need.

Breathing is a mechanical process. It is a process of pumping air into

and out of the lungs. Breathing is done by a group of organs that make up the
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Figure 1.1). The function of the respiratory
system is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the
cells.

The respiratory organs filter particles from the incoming air. They help
control the temperature and water content of air. They also aid in producing
the sounds used in speech and play important roles in the sense of smell and
the regulation of pH.

Now, let us take a tour of our respiratory system

What is It

Read and Learn More.

The Parts and Functions of the Respiratory System

8
Figure 1.1 The Human Respiratory System
Source: https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/wp-
content/uploads/2018/03/respiratory-system-496x381.jpg

The main function of the respiratory system is to supply blood with

oxygen through the breathing process. Oxygen enters the respiratory system
through the mouth and the nose. Then oxygen passes through the pharynx,
larynx and trachea. The pharynx is commonly called the throat, it connects
the nose with the windpipe. The larynx, commonly known as the voice box, is
located in between the pharynx and the trachea. The trachea is the empty
tube that serves as passageway of air into the chest cavity, and from there, it
splits into two smaller tubes called the bronchi (plural for bronchus). Bronchi
are the two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs. At the
lungs, bronchioles are the hairlike tubes that connect to tiny sacs called
alveoli. Alveoli are the airsacs that allow gas exchange in the lungs.

The alveoli are surrounded with capillaries. The inhaled oxygen passes
into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the arterial blood.
As this happens the waste-rich blood from the veins also releases carbon
dioxide into the alveoli. The carbon dioxide gas that is given off by the body
passes through the same path out of the lungs when we exhale.

9
 Figure 1.2 The Alveoli
Source: Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. 2005

The diaphragm which is a sheet of muscles that lies across the bottom of the
chest, pumps the carbon dioxide out of the lungs, the pulls the oxygen gas into the
lungs. As the diaphragm contracts and relaxed, breathing takes place.

When you breathe in, or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. Inhaling
moves the diaphragm down and expands the chest cavity. Simultaneously, the ribs
move up and increase the size of the chest cavity. There is now more space and less
air pressure inside the lungs. Air pushes in from the outside where there is a higher
air pressure. It pushes into the lungs where there is a lower air pressure. When you
breathe out, or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm and ribs
return to their original place. The chest cavity returns to its original size. There is now

Figure 1.2 The alveoli

10
less space and greater air pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where
there is lower air pressure.

Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen (O 2) from the lungs to the

bloodstream and the elimination of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the bloodstream to the
lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. This
happens as a result of increased concentration of oxygen and a decrease of carbon
dioxide. Through the process of diffusion, gas exchange is possible.

What’s More

Activity 1.1 The Human Respiratory System

Directions: Refer to the diagram and check your understanding of the

breathing system by labelling each part and giving its functions in the
box corresponding to the part.

1 5

2 6

Activity 1.2 Human Breathing

Directions: The table presents the part of the respiratory systems on the first
column, and two processes during the breathing. Fill in the box with the
events during inhalation and exhalation. One is done for you. (copy the table
in your answer sheet)

11
 Part of the
Respiratory Inhalation Exhalation
System
Diaphragm muscle Ex. contracts 1.

Rib cage 2. 3.

Chest Cavity 4. 5.

Spaces of the lungs 6. 7.

Level of air pressure

8. 9.
inside the lungs

What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the missing word or group of words to complete the

statement.

I Learned that…

1. The respiratory system is responsible in supplying _______________

to the lungs.
2. The ___________ is an empty tube that serves as passageway of air
into the lungs.
3. The two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs are
called _____________.
4. The _____________ are hairlike tubes that connect to the alveoli.
5. _____________ are the airsacs that allow gas exchange in the lungs.

What I Can Do

12
Breathing Exercise
Background Information:
Normal Breathing rates range from 12-15 times per minute. In this
activity you will compare your breathing rate at rest to your breathing
rate after exercise.
When counting a breath, in and out is 1.
Procedure:
1. Sit quietly and breathe for one minute. While you are doing this
count the number of breaths (in and out is 1) you take. Record this
number in the data table.
2. Run in place for 30 seconds. Then sit down again and count the
number of breaths you take for 1 minute. Record this number in the
data table.
3. Run in place for 1 minute. Sit down and count the number of
breaths in 1 minute. Record this number in your data table. (copy
the table in your answer sheet)
Observations:
Activity Rate
Resting
After 30 s of exercise
After 1 min of exercise
Analysis:
1. Did your exercise affect your breathing rate? How?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which is the pathway of oxygen to the lungs?

A. nose → bronchus → trachea → larynx → pharynx → alveolus
B. mouth → larynx → pharynx → alveolus → bronchus → bronchiole

13
 C. mouth → pharynx →larynx → trachea → bronchus → bronchiole →
alveolus
D. mouth → trachea → bronchiole → alveolus → pharynx → bronchus
→larynx

2. All these statements describe the trachea except _________?

A. it is also called the voice box
B. it carries air to and from the lungs
C. its lower end branches into smaller tubes
D. it contains rings of cartilage that prevent it from collapsing

3. Arrange the following structures in correct order in which air passes

through breathing.
1. Alveoli 2. Bronchus 3. Larynx 4. Trachea
A. 3,4,2,1, C. 4,3,2,1
B. 1,2,3,4 D. 2,1,3,4

4. The movement of both oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body is

accomplished by _______?
A. diffusion C. exocytosis
B. endocytosis D. osmosis

5. Which system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon

dioxide between the air and the cells?
A. Circulatory C. Digestive
B. Excretory D. Respiratory

6. Where does exchange of gases take place?

A. alveoli C. bronchi
B. bronchioles D. diaphragm

7. When we breathe in, we inhale many gases, including oxygen. What

happens to the gases that the body can't use?
A. They are exhaled
B. They are changed into oxygen by the lungs
C. They circulate through the body and are disposed of later
D. They are absorbed into the digestive system and used to create
energ
8. Which of the following serves as a passageway for both air and food?
A. Nose C. Larynx
B. Pharynx D. Trachea

9. Which of the following is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

A. Alveoli C. Trachea
B. Bronchioles D. Larynx

10. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts so that

A. More air enters in the chest cavity.
B. More nutrients will be processed by the body.
C. Less air enters in the chest cavity.

14
 D. Space inside the lungs lessened for gas exchange.

Additional Activities

Crossword puzzle.

Directions: Read the clues and put the answers into the puzzle.

Across Down
1. Also called as the windpipe 2. Also called as the airsacs
3. Analogous to the small stems 4. Thin muscles that contracts
of grapes and relaxes to help air go in
out of the lungs
6. Analogous to the two major 5. The organ which starts the
branch of grapes passage of air

1 2
5

4
3

Lesson

2 The Circulatory System

The Circulatory system is also referred to as the transport system. But

aside from transporting important gases and nutrients of the cells of the body,
the circulatory system carries metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide (CO 2)
and salts to organs of excretion such as the lungs, kidneys and skin.

15
 The circulatory system also plays two important roles in maintaining
homeostasis. First, by exchanging molecules, the circulatory system controls
the makeup of the environment in which the cells live. Second, the circulatory
system controls the chemical makeup of the blood by continuously
transporting it through organs such as the liver and the kidneys.

What’s In

Match the names in Column A with the pictures in Column B. Write your
answer on the blank provided.

Column A Column B

__________ 1. Alveoli A.

__________ 2. Trachea B.

__________ 3. Diaphragm C.

__________ 4. Lungs D.

__________ 5. Bronchioles E.

16
 What’s New

ZUMBA TIME

The learners will have 2-3 minute exercise by following the Zumba
video to determine the effects of this activity to our circulatory system.

If we do this kind of exercise regularly, this exercise helps us to be physically

fit. Link. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIboYmNLe9Q

The learners will describe his/her feeling after the zumba.

Questions:
1. How do you feel after the zumba time?

Circulatory System
2. What organ systems are affected by the activity?

The3. circulatory
Touch your system
chest, feel youlife
is the heart. Approximately how many heart beat
support
do you feel?
structure that nourishes your cells with
nutrients from the food you eat and
oxygen from the air you breathe. It can be
compared to What is arrangement
a complex It of
highways, avenues and lanes connecting
all the cells together into a neighborhood.
Sequentially, the community of cells
sustains the body to stay alive. Another
name for the circulatory system is the
cardiovascular system.

The circulatory system functions with other

body systems to deliver different materials
in the body. It circulates vital elements
such as oxygen and nutrients. At the17
same
time, it also transports wastes away from
the body.
 Figure 2.1. The human circulatory system
Source:https://www.siyavula.com/read/scie
nce/grade-9/systems-in-the-human-
body/images/gr9ll02-gd-0006.png

The following are the three major parts of the circulatory system, with their
roles:

1. Heart – pumps the blood throughout the body

Look at your fist. Note its size. Your

HEART (Figure 5) is a bundle of
muscles about the size of your fist.
The heart is shaped like a cone. It is
located in the center of your chest
between the lungs. It is tilted to one
side and points downward to the left.

Your heart is a living pump. It is

really two pumps in one, a pump on
the left side and a pump on the right
side separated by a Septum. Each
side is divided across into two
chambers. The top chamber is called
the ATRIUM (plural: Look atria).
at your Thefist. Note its size.
Your
bottom chamber is called theHEART (Figure 5) is a
VENTRICLE. Both sidesbundleofofthemuscles
heart about the size
of your
are divided in the same way. fist. The heart is shapedFigure 2.2. The human heart
like a cone. It is located in the
There is a VALVE center
between eachchest
of your atrium and ventricle
between the to prevent the blood
from flowing backwards.
lungs. ItThe valves
is tilted to are like one-way
one side and doors that keep the
blood moving in only one downward
points direction. to the left.

2. Blood vessel Your heart isthe

– carries a blood
living throughout
pump. It is the body
really two pumps in one, a pump
 Arterieson the left side
- carry and a pumpblood
oxygenated on theaway from the heart to the
right side separated by a
cells, tissues and organs of the body Septum.
 VeinsEach - carryside is divided across
deoxygenated bloodinto
to the heart
two chambers. The top chamber is
called the ATRIUM (plural: atria).
The bottom chamber18is called the
VENTRICLE. Both sides of the
heart are divided in the same way.
Figure 2.2. The human heart
  Capillaries - the smallest blood vessels in the body, connecting
the smallest arteries to the smallest veins. The actual site
where gases and nutrients are exchanged

3. Blood – carries the materials throughout the body. The blood has two
different parts. The nonliving, liquid part is called PLASMA. It is a
yellowish fluid that makes up 55 percent of your blood. The remaining
45 percent is made up of three kinds of cells: red blood cells, white
blood cells and platelets.

Circulation

Circulation is the movement of blood through the vessels of the body. It is

induced by the pumping action of the heart. It serves to distribute nutrients
and oxygen to all parts of the body and remove waste products as well.

3 Types of Circulation

Figure 2.3. The types of circulation

Tracing the Flow of Blood through the Heart

The path the blood takes through the heart is listed below. Write the letter for
each step in the proper place in drawing of the heart.

a. Blood returning from the body travels through a blood vessel

connected to the heart.
b. The blood enters the right atrium.
c. After the right atrium fills, the atria contract. This pushes the blood past
a one-way valve.

19
 d. The blood fills the right ventricle.
e. The ventricles contract and push the blood which passes another valve
into a blood vessel.
f. This blood vessel goes to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen.
g. Blood from the lung travels through a blood vessel to the heart.
h. The blood enters the left atrium.
i. After the left atrium is filled, it contracts. This pushes the blood to a
one-way valve.
j. The blood fills the left ventricle.
k. The ventricles contract and push the blood to a valve into a blood
vessel.
l. This blood, rich in oxygen, goes to the body.
The cycle is repeated over and over to complete the whole circulatory
process. Remember, one cycle is over 20 seconds. That is how fast the
system works.

Figure 2.4 Blood flow through the heart

What’s More Septum

Superior Vena Cava
Aortic Valve
Inferior Vena Cava
Activity 2.1 The Human Heart
Left ventricle
Directions: Matching type. Listed in column A are the parts of the heart Bicuspid Valve
while column B, their function. Write the letter of the correct answer from Right Ventricle
column B on your answer sheet. Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery
20
Tricuspid Valve
Figure 2.4 Blood
Figureflow
2.3. through theofheart
The types circulation
Aorta
 Column A Column B
1. Left Ventricle A. One-way door that keep blood to flow in one
direction
2. Right Ventricle B. Receiver of oxygen-rich blood
3. Left Atrium C. Pumps oxygen-rich blood throughout the body
4. Right Atrium D. Pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
5. Valve E. Receiver of oxygen-poor blood

Activity 2.2 Heart Label

Directions: Label the parts of the human heart. Choose your answers from
the words in the box.

Septum
Superior Vena Cava
Aortic Valve
Inferior Vena Cava
Left ventricle
Bicuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery
Tricuspid Valve
Aorta

What I Have Learned

Septum
Superior Vena Cava
I learned that… Aortic Valve
Inferior Vena Cava
Left ventricle
Bicuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Pulmonary Valve
Pulmonary Artery
21
Tricuspid Valve
Aorta
 Capillaries

What I Can Do

Directions: Measure the pulse rate of their parents or siblings when they are
at rest and after running, walking or Figure
jumping.
2.4 Blood flow through the heart

22
  Sit quietly for a few minutes before beginning the activity.
 When you are ready, place your first two fingers either on your neck or
on the inside of your wrist and locate your pulse.
 Once you find your pulse, start the watch, and for 60 seconds, count
the number of beats you feel. That is your pulse. After the activity, copy
the table below and record your observations in your answer sheet.
 Compare their pulse rate (heart rate) when they are at rest and after
doing hard activity for 2 minutes.

Table 1

Siblings/ Parents
Activities Your Pulse Rate
Pulse Rate

Resting

Walking

Running/ Jumping

1. Do they have the same result as what you did with your siblings/
parents?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

2. How would you differentiate your heart rates in resting, in walking and
in jumping/ running?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

3. Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart?
A. Arteries B. Veins C. Capillaries D. Plasma

23
4. What is the function of blood vessels and capillaries?
A. They pump the blood to the heart
B. They carry blood to all parts of the body
C. They filter impurities from the blood
D. They carry messages from the brain to the muscles

5. What is the point of reference of the size of the person’s heart?

A. The size of his hand
B. The distance between his thumb and his forefinger
C. The size of his closed fist
D. The size of his open palm

6. Which statement is true about arteries?

A. Arteries carry oxygen-poor blood.
B. Arteries move blood toward the heart.
C. Arteries connect to the atria of the heart.
D. Arteries move blood away from the heart

7. Which statement is correct about pulmonary circulation?

A. Arteries carry only oxygenated blood.
B. Both veins and arteries carry oxygenated blood
C. Arteries carry only deoxygenated blood.
D. Both veins and arteries carry deoxygenated blood.

8. What is the function of the valves in the veins?

A. prevent back flow of blood C. direct the blood flow
B. filter the blood D. all of the above

9. In which order does the blood pass from the body through the heart
chambers?
A. left atrium → left ventricle → right atrium → right ventricle
B. left atrium → right atrium → left ventricle → right ventricle
C. right atrium → right ventricle → left atrium → left ventricle
D. right ventricle → right atrium → left ventricle → left atrium

10. Oxygen-rich blood passes through all the arteries in the body except
through one type. Which of the following arteries differs from the rest?
A. aorta C. pulmonary arteries
B. coronary arteries D. renal arteries

11. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the different parts
of the body?
A. right ventricle C. right atrium
B. left ventricle D. left atrium

12. How long is one complete cycle of blood circulation in our body?
A. 20 seconds B. 30 seconds C. one-minute D. five minutes

24
 Additional Activities

Activity: FIND ME

Objective:
Give the components of the circulatory system.

Direction: Choose from the words in the box which organs are
involved in the circulatory system
.

MOUTH VEIN HEART

TRACHEA STOMACH
BRONCHUS LARYNX LUNGS
NOSE ARTERY
CAPPILARY ALVEOLI BLOOD

Lesson
Preventing Diseases and Healthy
3 Lifestyle

25

Figure 2.2. The human heart

The circulatory and respiratory system interact in a a complex manner in order
to perform their physiological functions. Only by working together can they
keep the body functioning properly. They are so interrelated and
interdependent upon one another such that, what is harmful to one is also
harmful to the other.

What’s In

Directions: Identify the given words if it is an organ/part of respiratory

write R and write C if it is an organ/part of the circulatory system.

1. Blood
2. Lungs
3. Heart
4. Veins
5. Diaphragm
6. Trachea
7. Arteries
8. Alveoli
9. Valve
10. Nose

What’s New

Activity 1: What’s the Word?

Directions: All four pictures in each given set depict negative ways
of living. They are connected by one common word that indicates
the effect of one’s lifestyle on the functioning of the respiratory and

26
 circulatory systems. The expected answers are illnesses that are
brought about by the negative lifestyles.

What’s the word?

Smoking A _ _ _ _A
The circulatory and respiratory
system are so interrelated and
interdependent upon one
another such that, what is
harmful to one is also harmful
to the other. 2

One practice that is harmful to

both systems is smoking.
Tobacco smoke contains well What’s the word?
over 60 known carcinogens or
cancer causing agents. Each H_ _ _ _ ______N
inhalation contains a mixture of
thousands of compounds.
These carcinogens belong to a
class of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons 3(PAHs). Tar, is
one such toxic product inhaled
during smoking. Tobacco also
contains lead-210, which is a
radioactive carcinogen. What’s the word?

Cigarette smoking harms A_ _ _ _A

nearly every organ in the body,
causing many illnesses and
affecting health in general. The
negative effects of smoking on
circulatory system include
increased heartWhat isblood
rate and It
pressure, coronary heart
disease, arteriosclerosis, and
vascular diseases. The
respiratory diseases caused by
smoking are chronic bronchitis,
emphysema, asthma, cough,
colds, tuberculosis, lung
cancer, and other respiratory
infections due to the chemical
content which harms blood
cells.
27
 Figure 3.1 Chemicals in Cigarettes
Source:https://dainfographics.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/ci
garette_chemicals.jpg

Source: http://cronkitehhh.jmc.asu.edu/wp-
content/uploads/2016/02/smokers-body-
950x1344.jpg

Diseases Affecting the Circulatory System

The diseases that affects the circulatory system reduce its overall ability to
function by physically damaging the heart and the blood vessels or by
obstructing the flow of blood.

Here are some diseases associated with circulatory system.

1. Anemia - It is characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood

cells as a result of a severe hemorrhage.

28

Figure 3.2 The Smokers Body

 2. Leukemia - It is developed when there is an excessive production of
abnormal white blood cells.
3. Septicemia – blood poisoning and caused by the spread of
microorganisms and toxins through the blood.

4. Atherosclerosis – occurs when the arteries become narrow and blood

cannot flow. This is caused by the accumulation of plaques, caused by
fatty matter and even cholesterol or calcium. As it progresses in the
coronary arteries, it restricts blood flow and damages heart muscles
resulting to heart attack.

5. Congestive heart failure (CHF) – weakening of the heart muscle

rendering it to unable to pump the necessary amount of blood flow into
the system. (chronic or acute)

6. Hypertension - It is sometimes called high blood, happens when the

force pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps
blood is too high.

7. Stroke – condition in which the brain cells suddenly die because of

lack of oxygen.

Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System.

1. Nosebleeding – occurs when the nasal membranes dry up and crack.

It is very common when the temperature of the day is very warm.
2. Allergic rhinitis – a form of allergy which causes the inflammation of
the nasal tissues.

3. Asthma – caused by allergic reactions to irritants. This is characterized

by periodic episodes of contractions of the bronchial muscle which
restrict air movement.

4. Bronchitis – refers to inflammation of the bronchi caused by bacteria

or viruses. There is increased mucus production which leads to
coughing.
5. Pneumonia – involves inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria or
viruses in the microscopic air sacs called alveoli.
6. Tuberculosis – (TB) is an infectious disease that is caused by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
7. Lung Cancer – also known as carcinoma of the lungs and caused by
uncontrolled growth of cell tissues in the lungs.

8. Emphysema – a diseases often referred to as chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease (COPD) results from gradual destruction of the
walls of alveoli or air sacs.

Prevention and Treatment of Circulatory and Respiratory

Diseases

29
 The best way to prevent diseases in
the respiratory and circulatory system
is to have a healthy lifestyle, which
includes a balanced diet, regular
exercise, adequate rest, proper
hygiene, and avoiding vices such as
cigarette smoking and alcoholic
drinking.
Source : https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-
vector/flat-healthy-lifestyle-poster-vector-20618754

Respiratory and circulatory diseases can easily be detected with regular

healtcheck-up and physical screening. Perhaps, air pollution can be
discussed as well, which one’s respiratory system.

Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle

A healthy lifestyle guarantees an effective cardiovascular and respiratory

system.
Here are some ways to promote a healthy lifestyle.

1. Get plenty of Exercise

2. Eat a healthy, well balance Diet
A heart-healthy diet aims the following:
 A healthy eating pattern. Aside from adhering to dietary guidelines
and limiting intake of fats, a healthy eating pattern encourages a
diet rich in carbohydrates that provide fiber and minerals, which
help protect a person against cardiovascular diseases.
 A healthy body weight. Obesity is associated with elevated blood
lipids, hypertension, and diabetes. Dietary guidelines recommend
controlled energy intake per day coupled with regular exercise to
keep weight in check.
 A desirable blood cholesterol level. To achieve a healthy level of
blood cholesterol, dietary guidelines recommend a total fat intake of
less than 30 percent of the daily energy requirement.
 A normal blood pressure. For blood pressure to be normal, health
authorities recommend weight control, reduced salt intake,
increased potassium intake, limited alcohol intake, and a diet that
contains adequate amounts of calcium and magnesium.
3. Do not smoke
4. Avoid alcohol consumption.
5. Avoid stress

30

Source:
Source: http://cronkitehhh.jmc.asu.edu/wp-
http://cronkitehhh.jmc.asu.edu/wp-
Figure 3.2 The Smokers Body
content/uploads/2016/02/smokers-body-950x1344.jpg
content/uploads/2016/02/smokers-body-950x1344.jpg
 What’s More

Activity 3.1 Classifying Diseases

Directions: Identify the diseases of respiratory and circulatory system.

Choose from the word bank below

Asthma Atherosclerosis Hypertension

Bronchitis Coronary heart disease Tuberculosis
Stroke Pneumonia Lung cancer
Anemia

Circulatory Diseases Respiratory Diseases

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.

Activity 3.2
Directions: Identify what word/s is referred to by the following statements.

_________ 1. The addicting substance in cigarettes.

_________ 2. The sticky brown substance found in cigarettes that can cause
discoloration of the teeth, the fingernails and even the lungs.
_________ 3. This disease is characterized by periodic episodes of contractions
of the bronchial muscle which restrict air movement caused by
allergic reactions to irritants
_________ 4. Number of carcinogens does Tobacco smoke contains.
_________ 5. Disease that is characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the
artery wall.

31
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Fill in the missing word or group of words to complete the

statement.

I Learned that…

Cigarette ___(1)___ harms nearly every ___(2)___ in the body, causing

many ___(3)___ and affecting health in general. The negative effects of
smoking on ___(4)___ include increased heart rate and blood pressure,
coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, and vascular diseases. The
___(5)___ caused by smoking are chronic bronchitis, emphysema,
asthma, cough, colds, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and other respiratory
infections due to the chemical content which harms blood cells.

The best way to ____(6)___ in the respiratory and circulatory system is to

have a __(7)____, which includes a balanced diet, regular exercise,
adequate rest, proper hygiene, and avoiding vices such as ____(8)___and
___(9)_____. Respiratory and circulatory diseases can easily be detected
with regular ___(10)___and physical screening. Perhaps, air pollution can
be discussed as well, which one’s respiratory system.

What I Can Do

On a short size bond paper, design a wall poster or placard that will make
members of your house aware of how they can effectively take care of their
respiratory and circulatory systems. You may use any medium for your
artwork.

Example

32
 Poster Making: Information Dissemination on How to Take
Care of the Respiratory and Circulatory Systems

Rubrics

Category 4 3 2 1

Presentatio The poster The poster The poster The poster

n clearly communicate indirectly does
communicate s communicate not
s some of the s sufficiently
the main idea important the idea and communicat
and strongly ideas hardly e
promotes and slightly promotes any idea that
awareness promotes awareness can promote
awareness awareness

Creativity All of the Most of the The graphics The graphics

and graphics used graphics used were made by were not
Originality on the poster on the poster the student made
reflect an reflect student but by the
exceptional ingenuity in were copied student
degree of their creation. from the
student designs or
ingenuity in ideas of
their creation. others.

Accuracy All graphics in Most graphics Some The graphics

and the poster are in the poster graphics in the poster
Relevance accurate and are accurate in the poster are neither
of related to the and related to are accurate accurate
the Content topic. the topic. and related to nor related to
the topic. the topic.

Required The poster All required Few required Required

Elements includes all elements are elements are elements are
. required included. included. missing
elements as
well as
additional
information.

33
 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What disease is characterized by the buildup of fatty materials on the

artery wall?
A. hypertension C. leukemia
B. atherosclerosis D. heart failure

2. The following are respiratory diseases EXCEPT

A. asthma C. hypertension
B. emphysema D. pneumonia

3. Negative lifestyle affects the normal functioning of the respiratory and

circulatory system. Which of the following is NOT an example of negative
lifestyle?
A. alcohol drinking C. enough rest and sleep
B. cigarette smoking D. living in polluted places

4. Tobacco smoke contains how many carcinogens?

A. 60 B. more than 60 C. less than 60 D. none

5. Carcinogens that are found in tobacco belong to which type of

hydrocarbons?
A. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon C. alkene
B. saturated hydrocarbon D. aromatic hydrocarbon

6. Exercise is a good way to help prevent heart attacks.

A. True B. False

7. What can you do to help lower your chances of getting heart disease?
A. Stop smoking
B. Check your blood pressure regularly
C. Lose weight if you are overweight or obese
D. All of the above

8. A healthy lifestyle can be described as:

A. Avoiding meat, eating a balanced diet, exercising everyday
B. Eating anything you like and exercising 3 time a week
C. Eating a balanced diet with fruit and vegetables, exercising regularly.
D. None of these

34
9. Eating a healthy diet can help reduce the risk of developing heart problems, what
is not an aim of healthy diet.
A. Healthy eating pattern C. Healthy body weight
B. High Blood Pressure D. Desirable blood cholesterol level

10. I feel healthy so it isn’t important to schedule a regular check up with my doctor.
A. True B. False

Additional Activities

Collage Making

Cut out different examples of unhealthy lifestyles from old magazines

or newspapers and create a collage out of the cut-outs on your
notebook or journal.

How to Make a Collage 

1. Select photos from your cut-out materials. Choose
photos with a theme to make use of
the collage's storytelling power.
2. Arrange photos. Select a layout, then arrange your
photos to bring your story to life.

Rubrics for Collage

35

Figure 2.4 Blood flow through the heart

 36
What I Can Do What’s More What I Know
Student’s answer varies. Number of Activity 1.1 The human 1. D
breaths increases as the activity is Respiratory System 2. A
increased and longer time used. 1. Trachea 3. A
ActivityRateRestingAfter 30 s of exerciseAfter 1 2. Bronchi/ Bronchus 4. B
min of exerciseYes, the breathing rate 3. Bronchioles
4. Alveoli 5. C
during exercise increases as
compared to breathing rate during 5. Nose 6. B
resting 6. Nasal Passages 7. B
8. B
Assessment Activity 1.2 Human Breathing 9. D
1. C 1. relaxes 10. C
2. A 2. moves up
3. A 3. moves down
4. increase size What’s In
4. A
5. D 5. original size 1. X
6. A 6. more space
2. ✔
7. A 7. less space
8. B 8. lower air pressure 3. ✔
9. A 9. greater air pressure 4. X
10. A
5. ✔
What I Have Learned
Additional Activities What’s New
Crossword Puzzle 1. oxygen
Trachea 2. trachea
Alveoli
3. bronchus/bronchi
Bronchioles
4. bronchioles
Diaphragm
Nose 5. alveoli
Bronchi
Lesson 1: The Respiratory System
Answer Key
 37
Lesson 3: Preventing Diseases and Healthy Lifestyle
What I Can Do
What’s More What’s In
Poster making Activity 3.1 Classifying Diseases 1. C
Circulatory diseases 2. R
What ItoCan
Refer rubrics
Do on Poster 1. Atherosclerosis 3. C
making What’s
2. More
Hypertension
Student’s answer varies
4. C
What’s In
Activity
3. 2.1 The
Coronary Human
Heart Heart
Disease R
5. D
1.
Assessment
ActivitiesYour Pulse RateSiblings/ Parents Pulse
C
1. Stroke
4.
D 6.
2. R
E
1. B RateRestingWalkingRunning/ Jumping1.
2. Anemia
5. C
7. B
3.
2. C Student’s answer varies
3. B Respiratory diseases
3. C E
4. Asthma 4. R
8. A
1.
(Yes/No) 5. A 9.CC
5
4. B 2. Bronchitis
Heart rate in resting is slower
2. A
5. 10. R
3. Tuberculosis
compared to walking. Jumping/
6. A What’s New
4. Pneumonia What’s
running
7. D got the highest heart Activity Heart Label How do New
you feel after the zumba
5. Lung 2.2Cancer 1. Asthma
rate.
8. C 1. Aorta time?
9. B 2. Bicuspid 2. Hypertension
(Varied answers such
Activity 3.2 Valve
10. B
Assessment Right Atrium
3. nicotine 3. Anemiaas, energized, catching
1.
1. A 4. Tricuspid Valve breath, etc.)
2. tar
Additional
2. B Activities Right Ventricle
5. asthma What organ systems are
3.
3. C Inferior Vena Cava
6. 60 affected by the activity?
4.
Collage
4. D Making Septum
7. Atherosclerosis Respiratory and
5.
5. C 8. Pulmonary Artery Circulatory System
Refer
6. A to rubrics on Collage 9. Left Atrium Touch your chest, feel you
Making
7. C 10. Left
What I Have
Ventricle
Learned heart. Approximately how many
8. C 11. Superior Vena Cava heart beat do you feel?
1.
12.smoking
Pulmonary Valve (varied answers from
9. B
2. organ
13. Aortiv Valve students)
10. A
3. illnesses
What
4. I Have Learned
circulatory system
Additional Activities
5. respiratory diseases
Find Me 1. prevent
6. Heart diseases
1. Vein 2. Blood
7. healthy lifestyle
2. Heart Carries the
3. cigarette blood throughout
8. smoking
3. Artery thealcoholic
9. body drinking
4. Capillary arteries
4. health
10. check-up
5. Blood 5. veins
6. Coronary Circulation
7-8. Movement of blood from
the heart to the lungs and back
to the heart.
9-10. Movement of blood from
the heart to the rest of the body
excluding the lungs
Lesson 2: The Circulatory System
References
Printed Materials
Science – Grade 9 Learners Module, First Edition, 2014

Baguio, S., et.al (2014) Breaking Through Science 9. Philippines: C &

E Publishing Inc.

Coralejo, A., et al (2014) Conceptual Science and Beyond 9. K to 12

Ed. Philippines: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.

Abecilla, N., et.al, (2014). Conceptual Science and Beyond 9 (K to 12

ed.). Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.

Online Resources
(DepEd Materials)

BEAM: Biology – Organ System – Circulatory System

EASE Biology M11 Energy Producing & Distributing Systems, Lessons
2&3
APEX Biology – Unit IV, The Organ Systems, Lessons 11 & 12
EASE Biology M14 Genetics: The Study of Inherited Traits, Lessons 2

Online Resources
Sales, Princess Ann Bajar. Science 9. Learner’s Work Book.
https://positivetruenews.com/2016/10/18/cigarette-made-chemicals-
ingredient-list-confirm-dangerous-smoking-really/
http://theproductiveteacher.org/photosynthesis
https://www.tesd.net/cms/lib/PA01001259/Centricity/Domain/595/Respi
ratory%20System%20Packet%2014.pdf
https://www.facebook.com/Anti-Smoking-Campaign-Hinatuan-Surigao-
del-Sur-
499755666791811/photos/pcb.1480845992016102/148084556868281
1/
https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/wp-
content/uploads/2018/03/respiratory-system-496x381.jpg
https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-9/systems-in-the-human-
body/images/gr9ll02-gd-0006.png
https://dainfographics.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/cigarette_chemical
s.jpg

38
 http://cronkitehhh.jmc.asu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/smokers-
body-950x1344.jpg

https://moshej.edublogs.org/files/2011/04/Collage-Rubric-2cfq0em.pdf

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO- La Carlota City - DHSBNHS

(Office Address): Locsin Ledesma St, La Carlota City, Neg. Occ., 6130

Telefax: (034) 735 - 1931

Email Address: deped.lacarlota@deped.gov.ph

39